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PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 18:49
Le PZL 104 sur Wikipedia.en
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PZL-104 Wilga ([Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]) is a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] designed and built [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (STOL) Civil Aviation utility aircraft manufactured by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] "Warszawa-Okęcie".
The Wilga has evolved through many ever-improving versions during its continuous production run from [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] to the present.
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
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PZL-104 Wilga ([Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]) is a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] designed and built [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (STOL) Civil Aviation utility aircraft manufactured by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] "Warszawa-Okęcie".
The Wilga has evolved through many ever-improving versions during its continuous production run from [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] to the present.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 18:50
Design and development
The PZL-104 was designed for robust use in sports, civil aviation, with a strong emphasis on [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]-towing and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] training.
The prototype of the initial Wilga Mark 1 variant was first flown on April 24 1962 and was engined with an existing Polish 220 hp [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] the PZL WN-6RB.
The Wilga 1 prototype exposed a number of design faults, the most serious of which was excessive weight and a rear view restriction such that the crew could not easily see a towed glider.
This resulted in an airframe review that thoroughly redesigned the aircraft, led by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
The PZL-104 was designed for robust use in sports, civil aviation, with a strong emphasis on [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]-towing and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] training.
The prototype of the initial Wilga Mark 1 variant was first flown on April 24 1962 and was engined with an existing Polish 220 hp [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] the PZL WN-6RB.
The Wilga 1 prototype exposed a number of design faults, the most serious of which was excessive weight and a rear view restriction such that the crew could not easily see a towed glider.
This resulted in an airframe review that thoroughly redesigned the aircraft, led by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 18:56
They started by retaining major structural elements and successful sub-assemblies from the wings in the initial design.
A completely new slimmer, strengthened fuselage was added that also offered an excellent rear view aspect for the crew during glider towing operations.
The side doors were re-engineered to open upwards for a better aero observation or parachute jump sorties.
The upgraded aircraft could be flown with the doors open if required, and had an air ambulance conversion capability.
A completely new slimmer, strengthened fuselage was added that also offered an excellent rear view aspect for the crew during glider towing operations.
The side doors were re-engineered to open upwards for a better aero observation or parachute jump sorties.
The upgraded aircraft could be flown with the doors open if required, and had an air ambulance conversion capability.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 18:58
The new variant, PZL-104 Wilga Mark 2, flew first on 1 August 1963 followed by a short production run which (later was converted to the Wilga C and Wilga mark 3 configurations).
On December 30, 1963 the Wilga C (or Wilga Mark 2 Subvariant C), an export variant for [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], was flown, powered by an imported North American certified 225 hp horizontally opposed engine the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
The Wilga 2 airframe had proved a successful design, but the WN-6RB engine was not fully developed and so did not enter serial production.
On December 30, 1963 the Wilga C (or Wilga Mark 2 Subvariant C), an export variant for [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], was flown, powered by an imported North American certified 225 hp horizontally opposed engine the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
The Wilga 2 airframe had proved a successful design, but the WN-6RB engine was not fully developed and so did not enter serial production.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 18:58
As a result, it was decided to use an in production radial engine, the 260 hp [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]R; and this led to the PZL-104 Wilga Mark 3 variant, which first flew on 31 December 1965.
The new engine was more powerful, but it spoilt the previously clean and aerodynamic fuselage lines, originally designed for a flat engine; nonetheless, the new variant was successful.
Due in combination to the power of the engine and the STOL capability of the airframe, an extraordinary high rate of climb - maximum 11 m/s (2,165 fpm) under minimal load was possible.
One of a few remaining flaws was a relatively uneconomical engine.
The new engine was more powerful, but it spoilt the previously clean and aerodynamic fuselage lines, originally designed for a flat engine; nonetheless, the new variant was successful.
Due in combination to the power of the engine and the STOL capability of the airframe, an extraordinary high rate of climb - maximum 11 m/s (2,165 fpm) under minimal load was possible.
One of a few remaining flaws was a relatively uneconomical engine.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 19:01
Another variant, the Wilga 32, was an improved small series export variant with a Continental flat engine, produced also in Indonesia as the "Gelatik".
After producing 13 Wilga 3s, there were some improvements made, most notably a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] base increased from 2.12 m to 2.83 m to improve stability.
An improved model, designated PZL-104 Wilga 35, first flew on 29 June 1967, subsequently entering mass production.
The most numerous variant of Wilga 35 was the utility plane Wilga 35A, others were built in small numbers or remained prototypes.
After producing 13 Wilga 3s, there were some improvements made, most notably a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] base increased from 2.12 m to 2.83 m to improve stability.
An improved model, designated PZL-104 Wilga 35, first flew on 29 June 1967, subsequently entering mass production.
The most numerous variant of Wilga 35 was the utility plane Wilga 35A, others were built in small numbers or remained prototypes.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 19:57
Over 1000 Wilgas of all types have been built, including 935 of the Wilga 35 and 80, making the PZL-104 the highest volume production run of any Polish aircraft design.
A Canadian aircraft supplier even considered building the Wilga aircraft for the Air Cadet league due to its complete compliance with glider training requirements, and the need for more aircraft, but were unable to get the full support of EADS to further produce the PZL-104MA Wilga 2000.[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
A Canadian aircraft supplier even considered building the Wilga aircraft for the Air Cadet league due to its complete compliance with glider training requirements, and the need for more aircraft, but were unable to get the full support of EADS to further produce the PZL-104MA Wilga 2000.[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 19:58
Description
With an all aluminium construction the Wilga is a high-wing cantilever STOL [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], with a conventional layout.
The main cabin is constructed of [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], riveted and corrugated, increasing the strength and durability of the low mass semi-[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fuselage.
The rectangular single-spar wing is fitted with slotted [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and anti-stall [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
The four-seat cabin is fitted with two large side doors, opening upwards to facilitate large load, rapid entry/exit.
With an all aluminium construction the Wilga is a high-wing cantilever STOL [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], with a conventional layout.
The main cabin is constructed of [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], riveted and corrugated, increasing the strength and durability of the low mass semi-[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fuselage.
The rectangular single-spar wing is fitted with slotted [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and anti-stall [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
The four-seat cabin is fitted with two large side doors, opening upwards to facilitate large load, rapid entry/exit.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 20:01
The main wheels are attached to an articulated, conventional fixed pneumatic shock [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] with a heavy duty sprung tail wheel and glider tow hook.
The two-bladed composite wooden propeller is strengthened with bonded metal leading edges.
The Soviet-built engine rotates in an opposite direction to North American standards.
The newest models of Wilgas use full metal propellers and North American Continental O-470 engines with standard rotation.
Likewise, presently two fuel tanks (195 L/42.9 US Gal and 51.5 US Gal) are located in the wings.
The two-bladed composite wooden propeller is strengthened with bonded metal leading edges.
The Soviet-built engine rotates in an opposite direction to North American standards.
The newest models of Wilgas use full metal propellers and North American Continental O-470 engines with standard rotation.
Likewise, presently two fuel tanks (195 L/42.9 US Gal and 51.5 US Gal) are located in the wings.
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- Messages : 312
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 20:09
Variants
Wilga 2
First production variant with WN-6 flat engine (small series - about 10, converted to Wilga C and 3).
Wilga 3A
Aero club aircraft.
Wilga 3S
Air ambulance aircraft.
Wilga 2
First production variant with WN-6 flat engine (small series - about 10, converted to Wilga C and 3).
Wilga 3A
Aero club aircraft.
Wilga 3S
Air ambulance aircraft.
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Re: PZL-104 Wilga
par Eider2 Mar 07 Déc 2010, 20:13
Wilga C (2C)
Wilga 2 with Continental O-470 engine for Indonesia. 16 aircraft built in Poland, some of them assembled in Indonesia.
Wilga 3
Modified serial variant with AI-14 radial engine, 13 built (including 2 converted Wilga 2s).
Wilga 32
Wilga 3 with Continental O-470 engine for Indonesia. 6 aircraft built in Poland, 18 in Indonesia under a name Gelatik. Some were fitted as [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
Wilga 2 with Continental O-470 engine for Indonesia. 16 aircraft built in Poland, some of them assembled in Indonesia.
Wilga 3
Modified serial variant with AI-14 radial engine, 13 built (including 2 converted Wilga 2s).
Wilga 32
Wilga 3 with Continental O-470 engine for Indonesia. 6 aircraft built in Poland, 18 in Indonesia under a name Gelatik. Some were fitted as [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
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