Short SC.1
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Short SC.1
Le Short SC 1 sur Wikipedia.en
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The Short SC.1 was the first [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fixed-wing [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (VTOL) aircraft.
The SC.1 was designed to study the problems with VTOL flight and the transition to and from forward flight.
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
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The Short SC.1 was the first [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fixed-wing [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (VTOL) aircraft.
The SC.1 was designed to study the problems with VTOL flight and the transition to and from forward flight.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Design and development
The SC.1 was designed to meet a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (MoS) request for tender (ER.143T) for a vertical take-off research aircraft issued in September 1953.
The design was accepted by the ministry and a contract was placed for two aircraft (XG900 and XG905) to meet [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] dated 15 October 1954.
The SC.1 was designed to meet a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (MoS) request for tender (ER.143T) for a vertical take-off research aircraft issued in September 1953.
The design was accepted by the ministry and a contract was placed for two aircraft (XG900 and XG905) to meet [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] dated 15 October 1954.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
The SC.1 was a single-seat, low wing, tailless [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] aircraft of approximately 8,000 lb all-up weight
(max. 7,700 lb for vertical flight).
It was powered by four vertically-mounted, lightweight [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] lift engines providing a total vertical thrust of 8,600 lb and one RB.108 cruise engine in the rear to provide thrust for forward flight.
(max. 7,700 lb for vertical flight).
It was powered by four vertically-mounted, lightweight [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] lift engines providing a total vertical thrust of 8,600 lb and one RB.108 cruise engine in the rear to provide thrust for forward flight.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
The lift engines were mounted vertically in side-by-side pairs in a central bay so that their resultant thrust line passed close to the centre of gravity of the aircraft.
These pairs of engines could be swivelled about transverse axes; they were therefore able to produce vectored thrust for acceleration/deceleration along the aircraft's longitudinal axis.
These pairs of engines could be swivelled about transverse axes; they were therefore able to produce vectored thrust for acceleration/deceleration along the aircraft's longitudinal axis.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Bleeds from the four lift engines (using approximately 10% of the intake air mass/thrust) powered variable nose, tail and wing tip jets providing [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] control at low speeds, when there was insufficient airflow over the control surfaces for conventional control.
Fuel tanks were located along the wing leading edges and in "bag" tanks fitted between the main wing spars.
Fuel tanks were located along the wing leading edges and in "bag" tanks fitted between the main wing spars.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
The SC.1 was also equipped with the first "[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]" control system for a VTOL aircraft.
This permitted three modes of control of the aerodynamic surfaces and/or the nozzle controls:
This permitted three modes of control of the aerodynamic surfaces and/or the nozzle controls:
- Aerodynamic surfaces and air-jet nozzles controlled electrically via three independent servo-motors (with "three-way parallel" or "triplex" fail-safe operation) in conjunction with three autostabilizer control systems ("full fly-by-wire")
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Hybrid-mode, in which the nozzles were controlled by servo/autostabilizer and the aerodynamic surfaces were linked directly to the manual controls
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Direct mode, in which all controls were linked to the control stick
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Modes 1 and 2 were selected on the ground; whenever the autostabilizer was in use, the pilot had an emergency override lever available with which to revert to direct control mode in flight.
The outputs from the three control systems were compared and a "majority rule" enforced, ensuring that a failure in a single system was overridden by the other two (presumably correct) systems.
The outputs from the three control systems were compared and a "majority rule" enforced, ensuring that a failure in a single system was overridden by the other two (presumably correct) systems.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Any failure in a "fly-by-wire" pathway was indicated to the pilot as a warning, which he could either choose to ignore or respond to by switching to direct (manual) control.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
In common with other VTOL aircraft, the Short SC.1 suffered from vertical thrust loss due to the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
Research into this on scale models suggested that for the SC.1 these losses would be between 15% and 20% at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] height.
Research into this on scale models suggested that for the SC.1 these losses would be between 15% and 20% at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] height.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Fixed undercarriage legs were designed specifically for vertical flight with each leg carrying a pair of castoring wheels (the rear undercarriage was also fitted with disc brakes).
Long-stroke oleos were used to cushion vertical landings.
Long-stroke oleos were used to cushion vertical landings.
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
Re: Short SC.1
Testing
Constructed at Short's [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] factory in [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], the SC.1 first undertook initial engine runs at this facility.
After being transported by sea to [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], the prototype (fitted only with the propulsion engine) was delivered to
the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
Constructed at Short's [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] factory in [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], the SC.1 first undertook initial engine runs at this facility.
After being transported by sea to [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], the prototype (fitted only with the propulsion engine) was delivered to
the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].
Xil- CLUB
- Messages : 340
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aeronewsline :: Accueil :: Histoire :: Aéronefs 1956 à 1965
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