Let L-410 Turbolet

Le célèbre biturbine tchèque Let L-410 Turbolet sur volé par Wikipedia.fr

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Le LET L-410 Turbolet est un avion de transport biturbopropulseur de 19 places développé et construit par l'entreprise tchèque Let Kunovice.

Il a été construit à 1 100 exemplaires ce qui fait de lui un des biturbopropulseurs à 19 places le plus utilisé dans le monde.

Variantes

L-410

prototype construit en 3 exemplaires ;

L-410A

première série équipée de turbopropulseurs Pratt & Whitney PT6A-27 ;

L-410AB

version à hélices 3 pales ;

L-410AF

version spéciale photo aérienne pour la Hongrie ;

L-410AS

modèles d'essais pour l'Union soviétique ;

L-410M

seconde série équipée de turbopropulseurs Walter M601A ;
L-410MU

version avec motorisation améliorée M601Bs ;

L-410UVP

troisième série avec modifications significatives de la voilure (envergure augmentée de 80 cm, ailerons de dérive placés plus haut.
Cette variante UVP a des caractéristiques ADAC (UVP=ADAC en russe).

L-410UVP-E

hélices à 5 pales et moteur M601Es plus emport carburant augmenté. Le L-410 UVP-E20 est la version certifiée FAA FAR 23 (Amendment 34) ainsi qu'EASA pour l'Europe1 ;

L-410FG

version photogrammétrie du L-410UVP ;

L-410T

version fret de l'UVP avec une porte cargo plus large (1,25 m x 1,46 m) : emport de 1700 kg de fret ;

L-420

évolution du L-410UVP-E (motorisée avec deux M601Fs), elle est certifiée FAA FAR 23 (Amendment 41) et EASA1.

En 2008, il restait encore plus de 300 appareils de ce type en service.

Let L410UVP-E16

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Let L-410 Turbolet vu sur Wikipedia.en

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The Let L-410 Turbolet is a twin-engined short-range transport aircraft, manufactured by the Czech aircraft manufacturer LET, mostly used for passenger transport.

Since 1969 more than 1100 airframes have been produced.

Development

Development of the L-410 was started in the 1960s by the Czechoslovak aircraft manufacturer Let Kunovice.

The Soviet airline Aeroflot was looking for a turbine-powered replacement for the Antonov An-2 aircraft, initiating the design development by Let.

After preliminary studies of an aircraft called the L-400, a new version was introduced called the L-410 Turbolet.

The first prototype, designated XL-410, flew on April 16, 1969.

Because of delays in the development of a suitable Czech engine (Walter M601), the prototype and first production version were powered by Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-27 engines.

After M601 development was completed, the PT6 engine was replaced by M601 engines coupled with Avia V508 three-blade propellers and the next variant was introduced, the L-410M.

A further version for Aeroflot was the L-410 UVP.

This has improved performance in take-off and landing due to increased wing and tail area - STOL. However, due to an increased empty weight and a shift in the center of gravity, the aircraft had a decreased seating capacity: 15 passengers.

XL-410

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The L-410UVP-E (the most common variant of the L-410) has increased maximum take-off weight to 6400 kg, M601E engines with increased power, new five-blade propellers designated V 510 and the provision for wing tip tanks to increase fuel quantity.

First flight was made in 1984, and production started in 1986.

The L-410UVP-E9 and UVP-E20 are versions which vary from each other only by minor changes arising from various certification regulations.

The last L-410 family member is the L-420 which uses the new Walter engine variant, the M601F.

The L-410 UVP-E is an unpressurized all-metal high-wing commuter aircraft, with Avia V 510 five-blade propellers.

It is equipped with a retractable undercarriage.

The aircraft uses two hydraulic circuits: main and emergency. The main electrical system operates with 28V DC.

The de-icing system is leading edge pneumatic deicers and electrical heating of propellers, cockpit windshields and pitot-static system heads.

Maximum take-off weight of the L-410 UVP-E is 6400 kg with the possibility of an increase to 6600 kg for the E9 and E20 variants, seating capacity 17 to 19. Cruise speed is 170 KIAS, maximum range about 770 nautical miles (1,430 km).

The airplane is certified for IFR operation, CAT I ILS approach, and flights in icing conditions.

Of the more than 1,100 units built, roughly 500 remain in service.

The majority were delivered to the former Soviet Union, but have been resold, particularly to airlines in Asia, Africa and South America.

Forty aircraft are in use throughout Europe for commercial operation or skydiving.

There are also an unknown number in Russia and ex-Soviet states.

The aircraft can be used with short or even unpaved runways.

L-410UVP-E

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Versions

L-410 ( XL 410 )

Prototype, three units built.