Re: Dornier Do 335

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:30

Une vue du prototype biplace

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:31

In May 1942, Dornier submitted an updated version with a 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) bombload as the P.231, in response to a requirement for a single seat high-speed bomber/intruder. P.231 was selected as the winner after beating rival designs
from [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]) development contract was awarded as the Do 335.

In autumn 1942, Dornier was told that the Do 335 was no longer required, and instead a multi-role [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] based on the same general layout would be accepted.

This delayed the prototype delivery as it was modified for the new role.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:32

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:35

Fitted with [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] engines delivering 1,750 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (1,287 kW, 1,726 hp) at takeoff, the Do 335 V1 first prototype, bearing the Stammkennzeichen (factory radio code) of CP+UA, flew on 26 October 1943 under the control of Flugkapitän Hans Dieterle, a regular Heinkel test pilot and later primary Dornier test pilot.

The pilots were surprised at the speed, acceleration, turning circle, and general handling of the type; it was a twin
that flew like a single.

However, several problems during the initial flight of the Do 335 would continue to plague the aircraft through most of its short history.

Issues were found with the weak [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and with the gear doors, resulting in them being removed for the remainder of V1 flights.

V1 made 27 flights, flown by three different pilots. During these test flights V2 (W.Nr 230002), Stammkennzeichen
CP+UB was completed and made its first flight on 31 December 1943, again under the control of Dieterle.

New to the V2 were upgraded DB603 A-2 engines, and several refinements learned from the test flights of V1 as well as further windtunnel testing.

On 20 January 1944, V3 (W.Nr. 230004),Stammkennzeichen CP+UC was completed and flown for its first time by Werner Altrogge.

V3 was powered by the new DB603 G-0 engines which could produce 1,900 PS (1,400 kW) at take-off and featured a slightly redesigned canopy which included rear-view mirrors in blisters on the slide of the main canopy.

Following the flights of the V3, in mid January of 1944, RLM ordered five more prototypes (V21–V25), to be built as night fighters.

By this time more than 60 hours of flight time had been put on the Do 335 and reports showed it be a good handling, but more importantly, very fast aircraft, described by Miltch himself as "...holding its own in speed and altitude with the P-38 and does not suffer from engine reliability issues".

Thus the Do 335 was scheduled to begin mass construction, with the inital order of 120 preproduction aircraft to be manufactured by DWF (Dornier-Werke Friedrichshafen) to be completed no later than March 1946.

This number included a number of bombers, destroyers (heavy fighters), and several yet to be developed variants.

At the same time, DWM (Dornier-Werke München) was scheduled to build over 2000 Do 335s in various models, due for delivery in March 1946 as well.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:43

Un DB 603

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:45

On 23 May 1944, [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], as part of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] directive, ordered maximum priority to be given to Do 335 production.

The main production line was intended to be at Manzel, but a bombing raid in March destroyed the tooling and forced Dornier to set up a new line at Oberpfaffenhofen.

The decision was made, along with the rapid shut-down of many other military aircraft development programs, to cancel the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], and use its production facilities for the Do 335 as well.

However, [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] managed to delay, and eventually ignore, its implementation.

At least 16 prototype Do 335s were known to have flown (V1–V12, W.Nr 230001-230012 and M13–M17, W.Nr
230013-230017) on a number of DB603 engines including the DB603A, A-2, G-0, E and E-1.

The first preproduction Do 335 (A-0s) starting with W.Nr 240101, Stammkennzeichen VG+PG, were delivered in July of 1944.

Approximately 22 preproduction aircraft were thought to have been completed and flown before the end of the war,
including approximately 11 A-0s converted to A-11s for training purposes.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:46

Le Do 335 du Smithsonian

[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir cette image]

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:47

Delivery commenced in January 1945.

When the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] overran the Oberpfaffenhofen factory in late April 1945, only 11 Do 335 A-1 single-seat
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and two Do 335 A-12 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] had been completed.

French ace [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] claimed the first Allied combat encounter with a Pfeil in April 1945.

Leading a flight of four [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] from [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] over northern Germany, he intercepted a lone Do 335 flying at maximum speed at treetop level.

Detecting the British aircraft, the German pilot reversed course to evade.

Despite the Tempest's considerable speed, the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fighters were not able to catch up or even get into firing position.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:48

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:49

Variants

Do 335 A-0 : 10 pre-production aircraft.
Do 335 A-1 : Single-seat fighter-bomber aircraft.
Do 335 A-2 : Proposed single-seat fighter-bomber aircraft with new weapon aiming systems, later proposed
longer wing and updated DB603L engines.
Do 335 A-3 : Proposed single-seat reconnaissance aircraft built from A-1 aircraft, later proposed with longer wing.
Do 335 A-4 : Proposed single-seat reconnaissance aircraft with smaller cameras than the A-3
Do 335 A-5 : Proposed single-seat night fighter aircraft, later night and bad weather fighter with enlarged wing and DB603L engines.
Do 335 A-6 : Proposed two seat night fighter aircraft.
Do 335 A-7 : Proposed A-6 with longer wing.
Do 335 A-8 : Proposed A-4 fitted with longer wing.
Do 335 A-9 : Proposed A-4 fitted with longer wing, DB603L engine and pressurized cockpit.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:49

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:50

Do 335 B-1 : Abandoned in development.
Do 335 B-2 : Single-seat destroyer aircraft.
Fitted with 2 additional Mk 103 in the wings and two 315 auxiliary fuel tanks.
Do 335 B-3 : Proposed updated B-1 but with longer wing.
Do 335 B-4 : Proposed update of the B-1 with longer wing, DB603L engine.
Do 335 B-12: Proposed dual seat trainer version for the B-series aircraft.
Do 435 : A Do 335 with the redesigned, longer wing. Allied intelligence reports from early May 1945 make a report of a spotted Do 435 at the Dornier factory airfield at Lowenthal.
Do 535 : Actually the He 535, once the Dornier P254 design was handed over to Heinkel in October of 1944.
Do 635 : Proposed long-range [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] version. Also called Junkers Ju 635 or Do 335Z. Mock up only.
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]: Proposed turbojet nightfighter version, with two podded He S011 engines, based on Do 335 airframe. Not built.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:52

Un lien vers prototypes.com traitant du Do P 256 :

[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:53

Survivors

Only one Do 335 survives today.

The aircraft was the second preproduction Do 335 A-0, designated A-02, with construction number (Werknummer) 240102, and factory radio code registration, or Stammkennzeichen, of VG+PH.

The aircraft was assembled at Dornier's plant in Oberpfaffenhofen ([Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]) on 16 April 1945.

It was captured by allied forces at the plant on 22 April 1945.

The aircraft was test flown from a grass runway at Oberwiesenfeld, near [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], to [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] while escorted by two P-51s.

The Do 335 was easily able to out distance the escorting Mustangs and arrived at Cherbourg 45 minutes before the P-51s. VG+PH was one of two Do 335s to be shipped to the United States aboard the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] ship [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], along with other captured German aircraft, to be used for testing and evaluation under a USAAF program called
"Operation Sea Horse". One Do 335 (registration FE-1012) went to the USAAF and was tested in early 1946 at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]. Its fate is not recorded.

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:54

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:56

VG+PH went to the Navy for evaluation and was sent to the Test and Evaluation Center, [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

Following testing from 1945 to 1948, the aircraft languished in outside storage at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

In 1961, it was donated to the Smithsonian's National Air Museum, though it remained in deteriorating condition at Norfolk for several more years before being moved the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]'s [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in Suitland,
Maryland.

In October 1974, VG+PH was returned to the Dornier plant in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany (then building the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien])
for a complete restoration.

In 1975, the aircraft was restored by Dornier employees, many of whom had worked on the airplane originally.

They were amazed to find that the explosive charges built into the aircraft to blow off the tail fin and rear propeller in the event of an emergency were still on the aircraft and active 30 years later.

Following restoration the completed Do 335 was displayed at the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] Airshow from 1 May to 9 May 1976.

After the air show, the aircraft was lent to the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] where it was on display, without a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] on the dorsal vertical tail in accordance with[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], until 1986, when it was shipped back to Silver Hill, [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

VG+PH can be seen today in the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] alongside other unique late-war German aircraft such as the only known example of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]B-2 Blitz jet recon-bomber, and the only surviving [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]A Uhu (Eagle-Owl) (currently only the fuselage is on display, the wings are still undergoing restoration as of Oct 2009).

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:57

[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir cette image]

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:57

Specifications (Do 335 A-0)

General characteristics

Crew: 1, pilot
Length: 45 ft 5 in (13.85 m)
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]: 45 ft 1 in (13.8 m)
Height: 15 ft (4.55 m)
Wing area: 592 ft² (55 m²)
Empty weight: 11,484 lb (5,210 kg)
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]: 19,500 lb (8,590 kg)
Powerplant: 2× [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]A 12-cylinder inverted engines, 1,287 kW, 1,726 hp (1,750 PS) each

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:58

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:58

Performance

[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]: 474 mph (765 km/h)
Combat radius: 721 mi (1,160 km (half load))
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]: 37,400 ft (11,400 m)

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 10:59

Dessin du site airwar.ru

par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 11:00

Armament

1 × 30 mm (1.18 in) [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (as forward engine-mounted Motorkanone)
2 × 20 mm [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
Up to 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) bombload

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par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 11:00

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par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 11:01

Lien, sources images & dessins : Merci !

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par T_Har Lun 22 Fév 2010, 11:02

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