Douglas DC-10

Le Douglas DC-10 sur Wikipedia.en

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The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 is a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] manufactured by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The DC-10 has [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] for [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] flights, capable of carrying a maximum 380 passengers. Its most distinguishing feature is the two [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] engines mounted on underwing pylons and a third engine at the base of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The model was a successor to McDonnell Douglas's [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] for long-range operations, and competed in the same markets as the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], which has a similar layout to the DC-10.

Production of the DC-10 ended in 1989 with 386 delivered to airlines and 60 to the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] as [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], designated the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]} The largest operator of the DC-10 is US [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]. The DC-10 was succeeded by the related [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

McDonnell Douglas, then Boeing after the two companies merged, upgraded some DC-10s with glass cockpits and renamed them MD-10s.

Development

Following an unsuccessful proposal for the US Air Force's CX-HLS (Heavy Logistics System) in 1965, [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] began design studies based on its CX-HLS design. In 1966, [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] offered a specification to manufacturers for a widebody aircraft smaller than the Boeing 747 but capable of flying similar long-range routes from airports with shorter runways.

The DC-10 became McDonnell Douglas's first commercial [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] after the merger between [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and Douglas Aircraft Company in 1967.
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The DC-10 was first ordered by launch customers American Airlines with 25 orders, and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] with 30 orders and 30 options in 1968.^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]}

The DC-10, a series 10 model, made its first flight on August 29, 1970.

Following a flight test program with 929 flights covering 1,551 hours, the DC-10 was awarded a type certificate from the FAA on July 29, 1971.

It entered commercial service with American Airlines on August 5, 1971 on a round trip flight between Los Angeles and Chicago. United Airlines began DC-10 service on August 16, 1971.

The DC-10's similarity to the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in terms of passenger capacity and launch in the same timeframe resulted in a head to head sales competition which affected profitability of the aircraft.

The first DC-10 version was the "domestic" series 10 with a range of 3,800 miles (3,300 nmi, 6,110 km) with a typical passenger load and a range of 2,710 miles (2,350 nmi, 4,360 km) with maximum payload.

The series 15 had a typical load range of 4,350 miles (3,780 nmi, 7,000 km).

The series 20 was powered by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] turbofan engines, whereas the series 10 and 30 engines were [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

Before delivery of its aircraft, Northwest's president asked that the "series 20" aircraft be redesignated "series 40" because the aircraft was much improved over the original design. The FAA issued the series 40 certificate on October 27, 1972.
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The series 30 and 40 were the longer range "international" versions.

One of the main visible differences between the models is that the series 10 has three sets of landing gear (one front and two main) while the series 30 and 40 have four gear (one front, three main).

The center main two-wheel landing gear (which extends from the center of the fuselage) was added to accommodate the extra weight by distributing the weight and providing additional braking.

The series 30 had a typical load range of 6,220 mi (10,010 km) and a maximum payload range of 4,604 mi (7,410 km).

The series 40 had a typical load range of 5,750 miles (9,265 km) and a maximum payload range of 4,030 miles
(3,500 nmi, 6,490 km).^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien][Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]}

Eventually, the DC-10 was able to distinguish itself from its competitors with two engine options, as well as earlier introduction of longer range variants than the L-1011.

The 446th and final DC-10 rolled off the production line in December 1988 and was delivered to [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in July 1989.

^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]} The DC-10 was assembled at McDonnell Douglas's Douglas Products Division in [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

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As the final few DC-10 deliveries were occurring, McDonnell Douglas had already started production of the DC-10's successor, the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

Design

The DC-10 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane, powered by three turbofan engines.

Two engines are mounted on pylons that attach to the bottom of the wings, while the third engine is encased in a protective banjo-shaped structure, that is mounted on the top of the rear fuselage.

The vertical stabilizer, with its two-segment rudder, is mounted on top of the tail engine banjo.

The [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and its four-segment elevator, is attached to the sides of the rear fuselage in the conventional manner.

The airliner has a retractable tricycle landing gear.

To enable higher gross weights, the later -30 and -40 series have an additional two-wheel main landing gear, which
retracts into the center of the fuselage.^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
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It was designed for medium to long-range flights that can accommodate 250 to 380 passengers, and is operated by a cockpit flight crew of three.

The fuselage has underfloor stowage for cargo and baggage.