Hawker 400

Utilisateurs militaires

États-Unis :

United States Air Force : Air Education and Training Command
12th Flying Training Wing (Randolph Air Force Base, Texas), 99th Flying Training Squadron

14th Flying Training Wing (Columbus Air Force Base, Mississippi), 48th Flying Training Squadron

47th Flying Training Wing (Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas), 86th Flying Training Squadron

71st Flying Training Wing (Vance Air Force Base, Oklahoma), 32d Flying Training Squadron

340th Flying Training Group, Air Force Reserve Command : 5th Flying Training Squadron (Vance Air Force Base), 43d Flying Training Squadron (Columbus Air Force Base), 96th Flying Training Squadron (Laughlin Air Force Base), 100th Flying Training Squadron (Randolph Air Force Base).

Japon :


Force aérienne d'autodéfense japonaise :

Les T-400 sont utilisés par le 41 Kyoiku Hikotai stationné à Miho.

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The Hawker 400 is a small twin-engine jet corporate aircraft. Initially designed and built by Mitsubishi, it has been further developed and updated by the Beech Aircraft Company, now part of Hawker Beechcraft.

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Design and development

The aircraft was originally designed as the Mitsubishi MU-300 Diamond, an all-new, all-jet development to complement and slot above the Mitsubishi MU-2 and provide Mitsubishi Heavy Industries with their top-of-the-line corporate aircraft model (hence the name "Diamond").

The aircraft first flew on 29 August 1978.

It is a small, low-winged twin-turbofan aircraft of all metal construction, flown by a crew of two pilots and accommodating eight passengers in a pressurised cabin. Its wings use a computer designed, supercritical airfoil in order to minimise drag. Its two Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D turbofans are mounted on the rear fuselage.

Beechcraft bought the production rights and began manufacturing it as their own model, initially re-designated as the Beechjet 400.

The Beechjet 400 was certificated by the Federal Aviation Administration in May 1986.

Raytheon/Beechcraft steadily developed their own improvements to the model, leading to the 400A in 1990. Improvements in the 400A include longer range, higher take-off weights and improved luxury appointments.

An all-glass flight deck was also offered. Beechcraft also developed a version for the United States Air Force known as the T-1A Jayhawk, used as a trainer for large aircraft crews (such as tankers and strategic transports).

A total of 180 T-1A trainers were delivered between 1992 and 1997. Another military variant is the Japan Air Self-Defense Force 400T trainer which shares the same Type Certificate as the T-1A.

In 1993 Raytheon purchased the Hawker business jet product line from British Aerospace.

The Beechjet 400 was eventually renamed the Hawker 400 to map it into the Hawker product line. The Hawker 400XP incorporates further aerodynamic, mechanical and interior improvements gleaned from the Hawker 800XP.

In October 2008, Hawker Beechcraft announced upgrades to the design, resulting in the new model designation Hawker 450XP.

Upgrades were to include new, more fuel efficient engines (Pratt & Whitney PW535Ds with 2,965 pounds of thrust each).

The Hawker 450XP was canceled in June 2009 due to poor economic conditions.

Nextant Aerospace developed a program to remanufacture the Beechjet 400A, replacing the Pratt & Whitney engines with Williams FJ44s, plus a new avionics suite and interior, among other improvements.

The remanufactured aircraft, called the Nextant 400XT, received FAA certification in October 2011.

Nextant 400XT

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Specifications (Beechjet 400A)

Data from Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000

General characteristics

Crew: 2 pilots

Capacity: 7—9 passengers

Length: 48 ft 5 in (14.76 m)

Wingspan: 43 ft 6 in (13.26 m)

Height: 13 ft 11 in (4.24 m)

Wing area: 241.4 sq ft (22.43 m²)

Empty weight: 10,050 lb (4,558 kg)

Useful load: 5,850 lb (2,653 kg)

Max. takeoff weight: 16,100 lb (7,303 kg)

Powerplant: 2 × Pratt & Whitney Canada JT15D-5 turbofan, 2,900 lbf (12.9 kN) each

Performance

Maximum speed: 468 knots (866 km/h, 539 mph) (Mach 0.78 MMO)

Cruise speed: 443 knots (820 km/h, 510 mph) at 23,000 ft (7,000 m)

Stall speed: 92 knots (171 km/h, 106 mph) (full flaps)

Range: 1,693 nmi (3,135 km, 1,949 mi) at 45,000 ft (13,700 m)

Service ceiling: 45,000 ft (13,700 m)

Rate of climb: 3,770 ft/min (19.2 m/s)

Field, Hugh and Hurst, Mike. "The Great St Louis Meeting". Flight International, 30 September 1978, pp. 1261–1266.

Taylor, John W.R. (editor). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988-89. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Defence Data, 1988. ISBN 0-7106-0867-5.

Taylor, Michael J.H. (editor). Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000. London:Brassey's, 1999. ISBN 1-85753-245-7.

Whitaker, Richard. "Diamond 1:Mitsubishi's first business jet". Flight International, 18 July 1981. pp. 163–170.