Polikarpov R-5

Le Polikarpov R 5 vu par Wikipedia de langue anglaise

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The Polikarpov R-5 was a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s.

It was the standard light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft with the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] for much of the 1930s, while also being used heavily as a civilian light transport, in the order of 7,000 being built in total.

Development and design


The R-5 was developed by the design bureau lead by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] as a replacement for the R-1, the copy of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] which served as the standard reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft with the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The prototype first flew in autumn 1928,^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]} powered by an imported [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] V-12 engine.

It was an unequal span single bay biplane of mainly wooden construction.

After extensive evaluation, the R-5 entered production in 1930, powered by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], a licence built copy of the BMW-VI, as a reconnaissance bomber.^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien][Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]}
Further modified versions were produced to serve as floatplanes, ground attack aircraft and civil transports.

The R-5SSS, an improved reconnaissance bomber with improved streamlining, served as the basis for the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], which succeeded the R-5 in production.

Operational history


The aircraft was designed by Nikolai Polikarpov in 1928. 1,000 aircraft were manufactured for [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]
under the designation P-5.

The aircraft was also taken into the Soviet Air Force's use in 1931.

They operated 5,000 aircraft under the designation R-5.

The R-5 became the standard reconnaissance and attack aircraft with the Soviet Air Force, being used in large numbers, with over 100 regiments equipped with the R-5. R-5s served with the Soviet Air Force and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] during the 1939 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fought against the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and, took active part in [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], and the 1939-40 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] against [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], where they were known as the hermosaha ("nerve saw").

The Finns downed and captured several R-5s, but none were taken into operational service.

They remained in service during the[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], where they were mainly used as night bombers and liaison aircraft, serving until 1944.

R-5s were also used by the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], 31 being sold to Spain.

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These arrived in November 1936, and were quickly deployed on combat operations, but were found to be slow and were relegated to night bombing.
Seven R-5s remained in good condition in March 1939.

The aircraft was known as the "Rasante" in the Spanish Republican Air Force.

Civil versions of the R-5 were used in large numbers, mainly with Aeroflot.

They were used to carry up to 400 kg (882 lb) of freight, with many being fitted with an enlarged rear cockpit to carry two
passengers.

Other aircraft were fitted with enclosed cabins for passengers.

P-5s could also be used to carry underwing containers capable of carrying underwing containers (or Kasseta) for freight or passengers with one P-5 carrying 16 adults, including seven in each Kasseta.

^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien][Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]} Ski equipped P-5s carrying Kasseta paid a key role in the rescue of the crew of the ice bound Soviet steamship [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in 1934.

^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]} Civil R-5s remained in service until after the end of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]}

Variants


R-5

Main production reconnaissance bomber. Initial production powered by M-17B engine, M-17F from 1933. 4,914 produced.^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]}

R-5Sh

Shturmovik. Ground attack variant. Additional gun armament.

R-5a

Twin float, reconnaissance [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]. Also known as MR-5, MR-5bis or Samolet 10. 111 built 1934-35.

R-5D

Long-range version. One built.

R-5 Jumo

Experimental engine test-bed, fitted with an enlarged rear cockpit to accommodate two observers. Also known as the ED-1.

R-5M-34

This experimental version was fitted with a M-34 engine.

R-5T

Single seat torpedo bomber with divided undercarriage to allow torpedo to be carried under fuselage.

R5-SSS

Improved version with reduced drag and increased gun armament. Also known simply as SSS.
Increased performance. Over 100 built 1935-36.