Re: Heinkel He 111

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:17

Later H variants, H-11 to H-20

In the summer of 1942, the H-11, based on the H-3 was introduced. With the H-11, the Luftwaffe had at its disposal a powerful medium bomber with heavier armour and revised defensive armament.

The drum-fed 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 15 was replaced with a belt-fed 13 mm (.51 in) MG 131 in the now fully enclosed dorsal position (B-Stand); the gunner in the latter was now protected with [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The single MG 15 in the ventral C-Stand was also replaced, with a belt-fed 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 81Z with much
higher rate of fire.

The beam positions originally retained the single MG 15s, but the H-11/R1 replaced these with twin MG 81Z as well; this latter arrangement was standardized in November 1942.

The port internal ESAC bomb racks could be removed, and an 835 L (221 US gal) fuel tanks installed in its place.

Many H-11s were equipped with a new PVC rack under the fuselage, which carried five 250 kg (550 lb) bombs.

Additional armour plating was fitted around crew spaces, some of it on the lower fuselage and could be jettisoned in emergency situations.

Powerplants were consisted of two 1,000 kW (1,340 hp) Junkers Jumo 211F-2 engines, allowing this variant to carry a 2,000 kg (4,410 lb) payload to a range of 2,340 km (1,450 mi).

Heinkel built 230 new aircraft of this type and converted 100 H-3s to H-11s by the summer of 1943.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:18

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Un H 1

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:20

The third large-scale production standard model of the He 111H was the H-16, entering production in late 1942.

Armament was as on the H-11, with some differences.

The 20 mm MG FF cannon was deleted, as the H-16s were seldom employed on low-level missions, was replaced
with a single MG 131 in a flexible installation in the nose (A-Stand).

On some aircraft, designated He 111H-16/R1, the dorsal position was replaced by DL 131 electrically-powered turret, armed with a MG 131.

The two beam and the aft ventral positions were provided with MG 81Zs, as on the H-11.

The two 1,000 kW (1,340 hp) Jumo 211 F-2 provided a maximum speed of 434 km/h (270 mph) at 6,000 m (19,690 ft); cruising speed was 390 km/h (242 mph), service ceiling was 8,500 m (27,900 ft).

[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]. FuG 10P, FuG 16, FuBl Z and APZ 6 were fitted for communication and navigation at night, while some aircraft received the FuG 101a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The H-16 retained its eight ESAC internal bomb cells; four bomb cells, as on previous versions could be replaced
by a fuel tank to increase range.

ETC 2000 racks could be installed over the bomb cell openings for external weapons carriage.

Empty weight was 6,900 kg (15,210 lb) and the aircraft weighed 14,000 kg (30,860 lb) fully loaded for take off.

German factories built 1,155 H-16s between the end of 1942 and the end of 1943; in addition, 280 H-6s and 35 H-11s
were updated to H-16 standard.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:32

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Un H 6

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:34

The last major production variant was the H-20, which entered into production in early 1944.

It was powered by two 1,305 kW (1,750 hp) Junkers [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]E-1 engines, turning three-blade, Junkers VS 11
wooden [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

Heinkel and its licenses built 550 H-20s through the summer of 1944, while 586 H-6s were upgraded to H-20 standard.

In contrast to the H-11 and H-16, the H-20, equipped with two Jumo 211F-2s, was given more powerful armament and radio communications.

The defensive armament consisted of one MG 131 in an A-Stand gun pod for the forward mounted machine gun position.

One rotatable DL 131/1C (or E) gun mount in the B-stand was standard, and later MG 131 machine guns were
added.

Navigational direction finding gear was also installed.

The Peil G6 was added to locate targets and the FuBI 2H blind landing equipment was built in to help with night operations.

The radio was a standard FuG 10, TZG 10 and FuG 16Z for naviagational direction to the target.

The H-20 also was equipped with barrage balloon cable-cutters.

The bomb load of the H-20 could be mounted on external ETC 1000 racks, or four ESAC 250 racks.

The sub variant H-20/R4 could carry 20 50 kg (110 lb) bombs as external loads.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:35

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:36

One of the most interesting variants was a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] tug, the He 111 Z, standing for Zwilling or twin.

It was built from two 111 H-6s joined together with a connecting wing and a fifth engine and used to tow the giant [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] or tow [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] gliders.

Ten He 111 Zs were built, and all served until destroyed.

The He 111H had to be kept in production until 1944 because the RLM failed to provide a successor: the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] Greif heavy bomber was plagued by engine problems, and the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] program was eventually abandoned.

The vast majority of the 7,300 He 111s produced were the H models, largely identical to the first H introduced in 1939.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:38

He 111 Zwilling

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:40

He 111Z

The He 111Z was a design that entailed the merging of two He 111s.

The design was originally conceived to tow the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] glider.

Initially, four He 111H-6s were modified.

This resulted in a twin-fuselage, five-engine aircraft.
They were tested at Rechlin, and the pilots rated them highly.

A batch of 10 were produced and five were built from existing H-6s.

The machines were joined by a centre wing formed by two sections 6.15 m (20 ft) in length.

The powerplants were five Jumo 211F engines at 1,000 kW (1,340 hp) each.

Total fuel capacity was 8,570 L (2,260 US gal). This was increased with the addition of four 600 L (160 US gal) drop
tanks.

It could tow a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] glider or Me 321 for up to 10 hours at cruising speed.

It could also remain airborne if the three centralised powerplants failed.

The He 111Z-2s and Z-3s were also planned as heavy bombers carrying 1,800 kg (3,970 lb) of bombs and having a range of 4,000 km (2,500 mi).

The ETC extensions allowed for a further four 600 L (160 US gal) drop tanks to be installed.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:41

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par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:45

The He 111Z-2 could carry four [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], which were guided by the FuG 203b
Kehl III missile control equipment.

With this load the He 111Z had a range of 1,094 km (680 mi) and a speed of 314 km/h (195 mph).

Its maximum bombload was 7,200 kg (15,870 lb). To increase power the five Jumo 211F-2 powerplants were to be fitted with Hirth TK 11 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The armament was the same as the H-6 with the addition of one 20 mm[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in a rotating gun-mount of the centre section.

The variant did not display any convincing (stable) flight performance.

The layout of the He 111Z had the pilot and his controls in the port fuselage only.

Only the controls themselves and essential equipment remaining in the starboard section.

The aircraft had a crew of seven; a pilot, first mechanic, radio operator and gunner in the port fuselage, and the observer, second mechanic and gunner in the starboard fuselage.

The Z-3 was to be a [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] version and was to have additional fuel tanks increasing its range to 6,000 km (3,730 mi).

Production was due to take place in 1944, just as bomber production was being abandoned.

The long-range variant designs failed to come to fruition.

The He 111Z was to have been used in an invasion of [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in 1942 and as part of an [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] assault on the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] cities [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] in the same year.

During the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] their use was cancelled due to insufficient airfield capacity.

Later in 1943 it helped evacuate German equipment and personnel from the Caucasus region and during the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] attempted to deliver reinforcements to the island.

During operations, the He 111Z did not have enough power to lift a fully loaded Me 321.

The He 111s in [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (rocket assisted takeoff) units were supplemented by rocket pods.

Two were mounted beneath each fuselage and one underneath each wing.

This added 500 kg (1,100 lb) in weight, but gave additional thrust to the engines.

The pods were then released by parachute after takeoff.

The He 111Z's operational history was minimal. One such machine was caught by [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] fighter aircraft over [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] on 14 March 1944.

The He 111Z was towing a Gotha Go 242, and was shot down.

Eight were shot down or destroyed on the ground in 1944.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:47

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par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:49

Production

To meet demand for numbers, Heinkel constructed a factory at [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

On 4 May 1936, construction began, and exactly one year later the first He 111 rolled off the production line.

The RLM Luftwaffe administration office suggested that Ernst Heinkel lend his name to the factory.

The "Ernst Heinkel GmbH" was established with a share capital of 5,000,000 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (RM).

Heinkel was given a 150,000 RM share.

The factory itself was built and belonged to the German state.

From this production plant, 452 He 111s and 69 Junkers Ju 88s were built in the first year of the war.

German production for the Luftwaffe amounted to 808 He 111s by September 1939.

According to Heinkel's memoirs, a further 452 were built in 1939, giving a total of 1,260.

But "1940's production suffered extreme losses during the Battle of Britain, with 756 bombers lost".

Meanwhile, the He 111's rival - the Ju 88 - had increased production to 1,816 aircraft, some 26 times the number from the previous year.

Losses were also considerable the previous year over the Balkans and Eastern Fronts. To compensate, He 111 production was increased to 950 in 1941.

In 1942, this increased further to 1,337 He 111s.^{[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]}

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:50

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:52

The Ju 88 production figures were even higher still, exceeding 3,000 in 1942, of which 2,270 were bomber variants.

In 1943, He 111 increased to 1,405 aircraft.

But the Ju 88 still outnumbered it in production terms as its figures reached 2,160 for 1943.

The Allied bomber offensives in 1944 and in particular [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] failed to stop or damage production at Heinkel.

Up until the last quarter of 1944, 756 Heinkel He 111s had been built.

While Junkers produced 3,013 Ju 88s, of which 600 were bomber versions.

During 1939-1944, a total of 5,656 Heinkel He 111s were built compared to 9,122 Ju 88s.

As the Luftwaffe was now on the strategic defensive, bomber production and that of the He 111 was suspended.

Production in September 1944, the last production month for the He 111, included 118 bombers.

Of these 21 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], 74 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], 3 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] and 18 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] were built.

Of the Heinkel variants, zero [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] were produced and just two Heinkel He 111s were built.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:53

Quarterly production 1942-1944.

Year	1942				1943				1944
Quarter	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4
Number Produced	301	350	356	330	462	340	302	301	313	317	126	0

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:55

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par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:57

Exports

In 1937, 24 He 111F-1s were bought by the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien].

The Turks also ordered four He 111G-5s.

China also ordered 12 He 111A-0s, but at a cost 400,000 [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] (RM).

The aircraft were crated up and transported by sea. At the end of the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien], the [Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien] acquired 59 He 111 "survivors" and a further six He 111s in 1941-1943.

Bulgaria was given one He 111H-6, Romania received 10 E-3s, 32 H-3s and 10 H-6s.

Two H-10s and three H-16s were given to Slovakia, Hungary was given 3 He 111Bs and 12-13 He 111s by 6 May 1941.

A further 80 P-1s were ordered, but only 13 arrived.

Towards the end of 1944, 12 He 111Hs were delivered. The Japanese were due to receive 44 He 111Fs, but in 1938
the agreement was cancelled.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 12:58

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par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 14:55

Variants

He 111 A-0: 10 aircraft built based on He 111 V3, two used for trials at Rechlin, rejected by Luftwaffe all 10 were sold to China".
He 111 B-0: Pre-production aircraft, similar to He 111 A-0, but with DB600Aa engines.
He 111 B-1: Production aircraft as B-0, but with DB600C engines. Defensive armament consisted of a flexible Ikaria turret in the nose A Stand, a B Stand with one DL 15 revolving gun-mount and a C Stand with one MG 15.
He 111 B-2: As B-1, but with DB600GG engines, and extra radiators on either side of the engine nacelles under the wings.
Later the DB 600Ga engines were added and the wing surface coolers withdrawn.
He 111 B-3: Modified B-1 for training purposes.
He 111 C-0: Six pre-production aircraft.
He 111 D-0: Pre-production aircraft with DB600Ga engines.
He 111 D-1: Production aircraft, only a few built.
Notable for the installation of the FuG X, or FuG 10, designed to operate over longer ranges. Auxiliary equipment contained direction finding Peil G V and FuBI radio blind landing aids.
He 111 E-0: Pre-production aircraft, similar to B-0, but with Jumo 211A-1 engines.
He 111 E-1: Production aircraft with Jumo 211 A-1
powerplants. Prototypes were powered by Jume 210G as which replaced the original DB 600s.
He 111 E-2: Non production variant. No known variants built. Designed with Jumo 211 A-1s and A-3s.
He 111 E-3: Production bomber. Same design as E-2,
but upgraded to standard Jumo 211A-3s.
He 111 E-4: Half of 2,000 kg (4,410 lb) bomb load carried externally.
He 111 E-5: Fitted with several internal auxiliary fuel tanks.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 14:56

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 14:57

He 111 F-0: Pre-production aircraft similar to E-5, but with a new wing of simpler construction with a straight rather than curved taper, and Jumo 211A-1 engines.
He 111 F-1: Production bomber, 24 were exported to Turkey.
He 111 F-2: 20 were built. The F-2 was based on the F-1, differing only in installation of optimised wireless equipment.
He 111 F-3: Planned reconnaissance version. Bomb
release equipment replaced with RB cameras. It was to have Jumo 211A-3 powerplants.
He 111 F-4: A small number of staff communications
aircraft were built under this designation. Equipment was similar to the G-5.
He 111 F-5: The F-5 was not put into production. The already available on the P variant showed it to be superior.
He 111 G-0: Pre-production transportation aircraft built, featured new wing introduced on F-0.
He 111 G-3: Also known as V14, fitted with BMW 132Dc radial engines.
He 111 G-4: Also known as V16, fitted with DB600G engines.
He 111 G-5: Four aircraft with DB600Ga engines built
for export to Turkey.
He 111 J-0: Pre-production torpedo bomber similar to F-4, but with DB600CG engines.
He 111 J-1: Production torpedo bomber, 90 built, but re-configured as a bomber.
He 111 L: Alternative designation for the He 111G-3 civil transport aircraft.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 15:01

Un BMW 132

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 15:03

He 111 P-0: Pre-production aircraft featured new straight wing, new glazed nose, Db601Aa engines, and a ventral gondola for gunner (rather than "dust-bin" on previous models).
He 111 P-1: Production aircraft, fitted with three MG 15s as defensive armament.
[Vous devez être inscrit et connecté pour voir ce lien]: Had FuG 10 radio in place of FuG IIIaU. Defensive armament increased to five MG 15s.
He 111 P-3: Dual control trainer fitted with DB601A-1 powerplants.
He 111 P-4: Fitted with extra armour, three extra MG 15s, and provisions for two externally mounted bomber racks. Powerplants consisted of DB601A-1s. The internal bomb bay was replaced with a 835 L fuel tank and a 120 L oil tank.
He 111 P-5: The P-5 was a pilot trainer. Some 24 examples were built. The variant was powered by DB 601A engines.
He 111 P-6: Some of the P-6s were powered by the DB 601N engines. The Messerschmitt Bf 109 received these engines, as they had greater priority.
He 111 P-6/R2: Conversions later in war of surviving aircraft to glider tugs.
He 111 P-7: Never built.
He 111 P-8: Its existence and production is in doubt.
He 111 P-9: It was intended for export to the
Hungarian Air Force, by the project founder for lack of DB 601E engines.
Only a small number were built, and were used in the Luftwaffe as towcraft.

par Toucan Mer 24 Fév 2010, 15:07

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